Half to charles



3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

. E. P. SHETTER. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING. GAS

EOUS FUEL- IN FURNACES.

Patented Mar. 11, 1890 whine/09w & g

N. PETERSv Phommho m hw. Wnslvmgion, D. C

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2;

A E. P. SHETTER. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING GASEOUS FUEL INFURNACES.

Patented Mar. 11, 1890.

N. PETERS. Pbatauthogfiphnr. Washington, D I;

(No Model.) 7 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

- E. P. SHETTER.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BURNING GASEOUS FUEL A IN FURNAGES. No.423,347.

Patented Mar. 11, 1890.

UNITED STATES EGBERT P. SHETTER, OF RENFREW,

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR or ,oNn

HALF TO CHARLES A. MULLEN, OF SAME PLACE.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND BfuRNING GASEOUS FUEL IN FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters;

Patent No. 423,347, dated March 11, 1890.

Serial No. 273,936. (No model.)

Application filed May 15, 1888. i i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EGBERT. P. SHETTER, of Renfrew, in the county ofButler and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Generating and Burning Gaseous Fuel forUse in Furnaces, &c.; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame. 1

My invention relates to an improvement in Y apparatus for generatinggaseous fuel for use in furnaces and for other purposes.

One object of my present invention is to; produce a simple and reliableapparatus whereby oil, tar, or other carbonaceous material may beconverted into hydrocarbon vapor and consumed as generated, the carbonvapor evolved by heat being assimilated with superheated-steam flame and heated atmospheric air to produce a hydrocarbon gaseous fuel.

A further objectis to provide a feed-regulator to be used with agaseous-fuel-generating apparatus, that will automatically graduate theflow of carbonaceous liquid from a source of supply to thegas-generating device, Q and which is susceptible of close adj ustmentiwith .regard to the delivery of liquid carbon I into the feedingmechanism of a gaseous-fuelgenerating apparatus.

A further object is to supply a hydrocarbon-gasgenerating apparatus witha jet-nozzle which will feed oil or other carbonaceous liquid suppliedthereto by the force of grav- 3 ity or other. applied pressure, the oilpass- E ing into or through an enveloping thin sheet. of high-pressuresteam, the nozzle being fur-, ther adapted to mix this combined volumeof steam and vaporized oil with a current of atmospheric air, which isinducted by partial vacuum created around the feeding-jet nozzle byaction of steam through it.

A further object is to furnish a gaseousfuel generating apparatus with acombin-l ing, superheating, and discharging chamber which is connectedto a jet-nozzle, so as to} receive a volume of mixed high-pressure itbeing also adapted to permit a destructive combustion of a portion ofthis injected composite vapor, which will heat the interior of thechamber, expand the volume of the unconsumed vapor, mixing and fixingthe oxygen of the air with the hydrogen and carbon of the steam and oil,so as toevolve a compound gaseous fuel that is discharged and consumedto produce heat as it is evolved.

. A further object is to provide adjustable 1 devices which are adaptedto deflect the forcibly ejected and ignited current of gaseous fuel asit issues from the jet-nozzles of my gas-generator when the latter islocated within a glass-furnace, fire-box of a steamboiler, or othercompartment, so that these intensely-hot currents of gas, in state ofcombustion, will be made to spread over an extended area of wall-surfaceor thrown into any part of the combustion-chamber Without a directimpingement against the walls of the same' IVit-h these objects in viewmy invention consists in certain features of construction andcombinations of. parts, which will be hereinafter described, and pointedout in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view in section of thefire-box of a horizontal-flue boiler with my gas-generator in position.Fig. 2 is an enlarged sect-ionalplan view of the combining-chamber andattached parts. Fig. 3 is a side elevation in section of aliquid-feeding device that is adapted to graduate and equalize thedelivery of carbonaceous liquid to the gas-generating apparatus. Fig. 4represents a top View of the feed-regulator shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is aView of the rear portion of the combining-chamber and attached devices,which inject steam, oil, and air into the combining-chamber. Fig. 6 isan enlarged longitudinal section of the feed or jet nozzle. Fig. 7 showsthe jet-nozzle and its surrounding case, together with attached oil,

; steam, and air feeding devices, the casing of the jet-nozzle beingbroken away to expose the latter. Fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective viewof the jet-nozzle, the attached steam-regulating valve being shown insection. V Fig. 9 represents the combining-chamber in persteam, carbonliquid, and atmospheric air,1

spective and detached from other parts.. Fi

naceous matter is utilized as one of the constituent elemen ts of thecomposite gas evolved it is a prime essential, to insure an evenconsumption of such material andtheproduction of an even quality of gas,that a reliable means be afforded to graduate the flow of oil or othercarbon liquid near where it is dcliv-. ered into the generator. Toeffect such a regulation of I the oil-delivery I have devised animproved feed-regulator which is adapted to liq'uefy and regulate thedelivery of oil or similar carbonaceous material to the gas-generatingapparatus and permit the adj ustment for quantity delivered undervarying-pressures to be exactly graduated- The feed-regulator justmentioned is introduced inthe line of oil-conduit pipe leading from anelevated tank to a point near where the furnace or boiler fire-box islocated and in which the gas-generator is placed to furnish gaseous fuelfor combustion in it.

The gas-generating apparatus consists of 'two devices that coacttogether forgas production. One of these is a novel jet-nozzle, which isconstructed to deliver a jet of highpressure steam intermixed with oiland atmospheric air, these joined currents being forcibly projected intoa combining-chamber, which is the other and main portion of thegenerating apparatus. This latter-named feature is so devised that aportion of the mixed volume of oil, steam, andair injected therein willbe ignited and by its intense combustion heat up the thin walls ofsaidcombining or mixing chamber, so that the major portion of theinjected composite vapor will be thoroughly intermingled, and byintimate contact with the burning jet, as well as the hot metal walls ofthe chamber, be superheated and fixed, changing from vaporous to gaseousform. The pressure accumulating in the combining-chamber by the rapidgeneration'of vapor forces jets of the same out through orifices in thiscombiner into the combustionchamber of a glass or other furnace, whereby its ignition it furnishes intense heat in large volume.

A detailed description of the apparatus will now be given. V

In Fig. 1, A is the outer walls, andA the combustion chamber, of ahorizontal flue thread 19 out on its body so as to align with thischamber longitudinally. .Said shell I) is axially perforated to receivea jet-nozzle E, which is supported concentric with the cylindricalcavity of the shell in which it is placed by threaded attachment of itsend 8 with the three-way fitting Z), into which is also screwed the rod8 which is attached to the steam-controlling valve 5, to operate it andby its adjustment toward or from its seat regulate the passage of steamthrough the j etnozzle, a hand-Wheel cl affording a means forsuchadjustment.

The jet-nozzle E is shown enlarged in Figs. 6 and 8, the first being alongitudinal section of the same, taken through its axial center,aportion of the jet-nozzle being also shown in position in Fig. 5. It iscylindrical toward its receiving or forward end, and from the point at(seeFig. 6) the upper side of the wall or shell is depressed and thewhole body of the nozzle slightly tapered toward the other end 42-, anopen channel or groove 25 being thus produced ,on the top side of thenozzle.

The-inward curving of the top surface 01 produces a nearly-annular slitor thin curved orifice a (see Fig. 8) between it and the extremity ofthe exterior wall 01, this slit being adapted to deliver asimilarly-shaped jet of steam from its open terminal, and it will benoticed in Fig. 7 that this end of the jet-11oz: zle E is in l'ine'withand near to the deliveryorifice'm, formedin the end of the shell I).

A steam-supply pipe 0 is connected with'a branch outlet is of theT-piece b, saidpipe receiving steam "from any adequate source, andabovethe'point t (see-Fig. 5) an inlet T is formed in the shell I), so as topermit oil tobe introduced to the channelt through the vertical pipe F.The inlet-orifice through which the pipe F enters the shell?) isenlarged to allow an annular perforated disk T to be seated inthe branchinlet T, thus affording free inlet for air which may surround thejet-nozzle in the annular space .9 intervening between .itjand theadjacent concentricwall of the shell. I

At a proper point outside of: the combustion-chamberA of the boiler inwhich the combining-chamber of the generating apparatus is placedfandpreferably above said chamber, the oil-regula ting device is situated.This consists of-a receptacle 0, (see Fig. 3,) in which are formed threevertical compartments 0 C 0 which are made to communicate by junctionwith a horizontal passage Within the compartment 0' a sealed chamber Ois formed or inserted, through which steam is introduced andcaused tocirculate by the pipes 8 8. In the bottom of the com,- partment 0', nearthe vertical side wall of the same, a'perforation is made, which isintended to receive and form a tight joint with the valve 0, that isconnected by a vertical rod 0 to the pivoted horizontal oscillating barI, saidrod having a loose connection therewith at 6. 011 the other end 5of the bar Z a rod 19 is pivoted, to which the float D is secured, andthus allowed to reciprocate within the compartment 0.

At the other side of the receptacle 0, in the bottom wall of the passageC just below the compartment G a valve-seat and oil-discharge opening Gis formed, in which the needle-valve G is fitted, which latter isoperated by the vertical rod G, that is engaged by the screw-nut q, toafford meansfor the exact adjustment of the needle-valve by a revolutionof the nut. The oil-feed pipe F, being attached to the orifice below thevalve G, is extended downwardly to enter the inlet branch at It, as hasbeen explained.

In order to liquefy tarrymatter, crude coal oil, or similar thickcarbonaceous material and cause it -to flow readily through thespindle-valve G, the steam -'chamber G is provided, which will speedilyrender such sluggish viscid material limpid and free-flowin g, so as tobe fed in small quantity through said valve G. (Shown in Fig. '3.)

An oilconduit pipe 131', which extends from an elevated source ofsupply, such as a tank,.(not shown,) is attached below the valve 0 tointroduce liquid carbon matter within the receptacle 0; and inoperation, when the several compartmentsare filled sufficiently toelevate the'float D, this upward movement of the float will depress thevalve 0 and cut off oil influx or regulate it to prevent unduepressurewithin the compartments.

\Vhen the valve G is adjusted to supply a desired amount to thejet-nozzle IE, it is apparent that this discharge of oil will becontrolled so as to be equal at all times, and'not affected by varyingheight of oil in the elevated tank, which is the source of supply to theregulator.

In Fig. 2 a longitudinal enlarged sectional view of thecombining-chamber B and attached jet-nozzle E is shown. As will be seen,the combining-chamber has two parallel longitudinal walls 1 2 formed init, which divide the interior into three "passages or chambers of aboutequal diameter. The walls 1 2 terminate at 9 10, leaving the transversepassages 11 12 at their en ds,which passages are intersected by thelongitudinal chambers B B B and it will be noticed that thedischarging-orifice.

m is directly opposite the centerof the middle chamber B Preferably in aright line between the discharge-orificem and the oblong openings it twooppositely-located circular openings 1' are made through the Walls ofthe combining-chamber for the admission of atmospheric air or anotheruse, as will be explained. Two lateral branches or outlets g g areformed in the combining-chamber B at its inner or rear end, and twoparallel spaced slots f f are cut through the transverse end wall 3 ofsaid chamber, these slots f beingplaced opposite the outer compartmentsB B as shown in Fig. 2. r

In use of this apparatus for gas production it is preferred to place alight wood fire on the grate-bars below the combining-chamber B in orderto heat the walls of the same.

This is notimperatively necessary, as the operation can be startedwithout such a provision; but it is facilitatedl lby its employment.

Steanris allowed to enter the jet-nozzle E by opening the valve 5, andoil is caused to drip from the valve G into the groove or lar steam-jetwhich issues from the nozzle at n will exhaust the contained air in thespace 3' and channel 6, so as to create an inward current of air throughthe perforations in the disk T, and this air will intimately comminglcwith thesteam and vaporized oil that is also drawn toward theexit-orifice m of the shell I) by the steam-jet. hen the mixed volume ofsteam, hot air, and vaporized oil is projected through the orifice m, itis ignited and channel 15. The rapid movement of the ann'udrawn throughthe grate-bars of the combustion-chamber A; Afterbeing heated andexpanded by its passage through this chamber this air will enter thecombining-chamber B at the points mentioned and mix with the vaporouscurrent, which will be intimately blended and fixed by'the heat of theburning jet, the excess of oxygen furnished by the blended hot rarefiedair and fire of the furnace aiding to produce intense smokelesscombustion of the composite gas as itis forced out of the'jet-holes g g,(shown in Fig. 1,) it be- IIO ing first given a reverberatory motionthrough the lateral chambers B B to pass it through the burning jet.

It is ofimportance that the intensely-hot burning jets formed by thevapor which issues from the orifices g be deflected at proper angles tothrow a sheet of flame along the surface of the fire-chamber walls, sothat it shall have contact with an extensive area to heat it. To effectsuch a change of current I em ploy the movable deflectors shown in Fig.11, in which the angular vertical surface I is held to swing opposite anopening 'g by a pintle e, which is inserted in the hole g, thuspermitting the deflector to be set and cause the ignited jet to bediverted from striking squarely against the sidewalls of the boiler andthrown in any desired direction.

It should be understood that one of the deflectors just described ismountedopposite each jet-orifice g, as shown in Fig. 1, and it isevident that several flame-deflectors, made of cast-iron, fire-clay, orother fire-resisting material, may be employed to direct these namejetsand break them up and cause a general heat diffusion in ameasurably-close combustion-chambersuch as a glass-furnace or thefire-box of a boiler.

It is contemplated to provide a means for utilization of natural gaswith this apparatus, and in case it is employed it may be fed into thecombining-chamber I) at t by a proper pipe attachment inserted in one ofthese orifices, and so projected that its volume will be forced towardthe wall 3 of the combiningchamber, steam and a reduced quantity of oilbeing employed in conjunction with the gas.

It may be desired to combine coal-dust or pulverized coke with. thesteam, oil, and air as it issues from the discharge-nozzle m, which maybe effected by the attachment to one of the openings h of a properconduit-tube, through which the dust may be conveyed into thecombining-chamber, mechanically mixed, and forcibly ejected with thegaseous fuel to be consumed therewith in an obvious manner.

The details of construction of the gaseousfuelgenerating apparatushereinbefore described may be slightly changed in form and method ofcombination and arrangement of parts without a departure from the spiritor exceeding the scope of my invention. Hence I do not wish to restrictmyself to the exact forms and combinations of parts shown; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a gaseous-fuel generator, a combinin g-chamber having parallelchambers formed in its'interior communicating at both ends and providedwith inlet and discharge orifices, substantially as set forth.

2. In a gaseous-fuel generator, a combin ing-chamber which is providedwith a central longitudinal chamber and lateral chambers, these chamberscommunicating at both ends and adapted to receive a gaseous currentchamber, of a jet-nozzle-consistin g of a casing having a, nearlyannular discharge slit or opening formed by a depression in one side ofthe casing, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a combiningchamb'er, of a jet-nozzle consistingof a'casing having a "nearly-annular slit or dischargeori-fice and anexternal longitudinal channel on one side, substantially as set forth.

6. In a gaseous-fuel generator, the combination, with acombining-chamber and a jetnozzle grooved longitudinally on its exteriorand having a discharge-opening for steam, of a shell surrounding thejet-nozzle and provided with a discharge-orifice in line with thejet-nozzle, substantially as set forth.

7. In a gaseous-fuel-generating apparatus, the combination, with acentral longitudinal chamber, and two parallel lateral chambers that areconnected at their ends to each other and the central chamber to form areverberatory combining-chamber, of a jet-nozzle, an en- 1veloping-shell for the j et-nozzle, and means to supply steam, oil, andair to the jet-nozzle and the annular passage surrounding it,substantially as set forth.

8. In a gaseous-fuel-generating apparatus, the combination, with acombining-chamber, which is constructed of several compartments lyingside by side and commun'icatingat each steam jet nozzle, an oil feedingchannel ing witnesses.

'EGBERT P. SHETTER.

Witnesses: JAcKsoN SPICER, WM. LONG.

